I roto i ngā pūnaha hiko hou me ngā tono taputapu hiko, ko ngā parenga ngaru hiko (SPD) me ngā kaitahuri hiko, hei wāhanga matua e rua, he mea nui tā rāua mahi tahi hei whakarite i te mahi haumaru me te pumau o te pūnaha katoa. Nā te tere o te whanaketanga o te pūngao hou me te whānui o te whakamahinga o ngā taputapu hiko hiko, kua piki haere te whakamahinga ngātahi o ēnei e rua. Ka rukuhia e tēnei tuhinga ngā mātāpono mahi, ngā paearu whiriwhiri, ngā tikanga tāutanga o ngā SPD me ngā kaitahuri hiko, me pēhea hoki te hono pai i a rāua hei whakarato i te tiaki whānui mō ngā pūnaha hiko.

I roto i ngā pūnaha hiko hou, he mea nui te mahi a ngā taputapu tiaki ngaru hiko (SPD). Ahakoa i roto i ngā kāinga, i ngā wheketere, i ngā pokapū raraunga, i ngā teihana whakawhitiwhiti kōrero rānei, ka taea e ngā SPD te tiaki pai i ngā ngaohiko tere e puta mai ana i ngā whiunga uira, i ngā rerekētanga o te whatunga hiko me ētahi atu āhuatanga, kia pai ai te whakahaere haumaru o ngā taputapu. Ka whakamāramahia e tēnei tuhinga te whakamāramatanga, te mātāpono mahi, te tikanga whiriwhiri me te aratohu tāutanga o ngā SPD, ā, ka matapakihia tōna hiranga me ngā take mahi. Hei tāpiri, ka tātarihia hoki e mātou ngā hua kino ka puta mai mēnā kāore he SPD.

I te tau 2024, ko ngā mate ōhanga tika i puta mai i ngā whiunga uira puta noa i te ao i eke ki te 4.7 piriona tāra US, ā, tata ki te 60% o ēnei mate i ahu mai i te koretake o te tiaki i ngā pūnaha hiko. Hei taputapu matua mō te ātete i ngā ngaru hiko, ko te kounga o te tāutanga o ngā taputapu tiaki ngaru hiko (SPD) e whakatau tika ana i te pono o te pūnaha hiko katoa. Ka rukuhia e tēnei tuhinga ngā mea ngaro o te tāutanga o tēnei "kaitiaki hiko", ka ārahi i a koe i roto i tētahi otinga whānui mai i te kaupapa matua ki te tono mahi.

Neke atu i te 350GW te kaha o te pūnaha hiko photovoltaic o te ao i te tau kua hipa, ā, neke atu i te kotahi hautoru te takoha a Haina. Kua heke te utu o tēnei hangarau matomato e huri ana i te rā ki te hiko mā te 80% i roto i ngā tau tekau, engari kei te tūtaki ia ki te riri whakamate o ngā whiunga uira - i ngaro i tētahi teihana hiko i Arizona, i te Hononga o Amerika, te $2 miriona i mua nā ngā whiunga uira. Kua noho ngā parenga ngaru hei "taonga whakaora ora" o ngā teihana hiko, e tuku ana i ngā tekau mano o ngā volts o te ngaohiko uira ki te whenua mā roto i tētahi whatunga tiaki taumata-toru. I tohu ngā tohunga ahumahi i te pikinga o te ngaohiko o ngā pūnaha photovoltaic ki te 1500V, kei te arahi ngā taputapu tiaki i tētahi huringa hangarau i roto i ngā rauemi silicon carbide.

Mai i te tāutanga ki te tiaki, kaua e warewarehia ēnei taipitopito

I roto i ngā pūnaha hiko hou, he rite ngā parenga ngaru hiko (SPD) ki tētahi "kaupapa here inihua" mō ngā taputapu hiko. Engari i mōhio koe? Ki te tāutahia, ki te whakamahia hē rānei tēnei taputapu, he māmā noa iho, ehara i te mea kāore e tiaki, engari ka noho hei tūponotanga haumaru. I tēnei rā, me kōrero tātou mō ngā āhuatanga me ngā ngoikoretanga o te whakamahi i ngā SPD.

I te mea kua neke ake te kaha o te pūnaha photovoltaic kua tāutahia ki te tohu 1TW, kei te piki haere te rongonui o ngā take pono me te haumaru o te pūnaha. E ai ki ngā tatauranga hou mai i te Komiti Hangarau TC82 a te International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), ko ngā hapa o te pūnaha hiko te take o te 41.3% o ngā hapa whakahaere me te tiaki o ngā teihana hiko photovoltaic, ā, ko te 28.7% o ngā hapa katoa o ēnei hapa ko ngā kino o ngā taputapu i puta mai i te ngaohiko tere. He mea nui tēnei āhuatanga i ngā rohe pārūrū me ngā rohe pārūrū e nui ana te kaha o te whatitiri.

I te tere o te whanaketanga o te umanga photovoltaic o te ao, kua noho te haumaru me te pumau o ngā pūnaha whakaputa hiko o te rā hei kaupapa matua o te aro o te umanga. He roa te wā e noho ana ngā pūnaha photovoltaic ki waho, ā, he ngoikore ki ngā tūmomo mōrearea pēnei i te whiunga uira, te rerekētanga o te whatunga hiko, me te pakaru o ngā taputapu, ka raru pea ngā taputapu, ka mura rānei. Ko ngā parenga ngaru (SPD), ngā whati ara iahiko, me ngā fiusi he taputapu tiaki matua e mahi ana i ā rātou mahi, e mahi tahi ana hoki kia pai ai te whakahaere o te pūnaha. Ka tātarihia hohonutia e tēnei tuhinga ā rātou mahi, ā rātou tikanga whakarite, me te hiahiatanga hei whakarato tohutoro mō ngā kaiwhakamahi umanga.

He aha i hiahia ai ō taputapu ki tētahi "Kaitiaki Ngaohiko"?

Whakaarohia tēnei: ​​I tētahi pō pūkeri me te uira e whiti ana i te rangi, ka "whakaekea" ō taputapu tika e rau mano te uara. Ehara tēnei i te wāhanga o tētahi kiriata whakamataku engari he moemoeā tūturu kua pā ki te maha o ngā wheketere me ngā whare. Ko te taputapu tiaki ngaru hiko (SPD) te "toa" o tēnei kōrero—ka taea te aukati i ngā pikinga ngaohiko morearea i roto i te miriona o te hēkona. Engari koinei te raruraru: he tokomaha te hunga e kawe mai ana i tēnei "kaitiaki" ki te kāinga me te kore e mōhio me pēhea te whakamahi tika.

I tēnei rā, me kōrero tātou mō tēnei kaitiaki haumaru hiko, he āhua māmā noa iho engari he tino uaua.

I tēnei ao hangarau o ēnei rā, he tino whakaraerae ake ngā taputapu hiko me ngā taputapu hiko ki ngā kino mai i ngā ngaru hiko i puta mai i ngā whiunga uira, ngā rerekētanga whatunga hiko, ngā mahi whakawhiti ā-roto rānei. He mea nui ngā parenga ngaru, e mōhiotia ana ko ngā taputapu tiaki ngaru (SPD), hei tiaki i ngā taputapu tairongo mai i ngā ngaru hiko. Ka tūhuratia e tēnei tuhinga ngā tono mahi a ngā parenga ngaru i roto i ngā ahumahi rerekē, ā, ka whakaatuhia tōna whai huatanga mā roto i ngā rangahau take.

Kupu Whakataki

He wāhanga nui ngā parenga ngaru (SPD) i roto i ngā pūnaha hiko hei whakaiti i ngā ngaohiko whakawhiti me te aukati i ngā ia ngaru. He whānuitia te whakamahinga i roto i ngā pūnaha iahiko tika (DC) me ngā pūnaha iahiko tauutuutu (AC). Nā te rerekētanga o ngā āhuatanga o ngā parenga ngaru DC me ngā parenga ngaru AC, he rerekē hoki te hanganga, te kaupapa mahi, me ngā āhuatanga tono o ia parenga. Ka tātarihia e tēnei tuhinga ngā āhuatanga ōrite me ngā rerekētanga i waenga i ngā parenga ngaru DC me ngā parenga ngaru AC, ā, ka hoatu hoki he tūtohutanga kōwhiringa.