Kupu Whakataki:

He aha i hiahia ai ō taputapu ki tētahi "Kaitiaki Ngaohiko"?

Whakaarohia tēnei: I tētahi pō pūkeri me te uira e whiti ana i te rangi, ka "whakaekea" ō taputapu tika, e rau mano te uara. Ehara tēnei i te wāhanga o tētahi kiriata whakamataku, engari he moemoeā tūturu kua pā ki te maha o ngā wheketere me ngā whare. Ko te taputapu tiaki ngaru hiko (SPD) te "toa" o tēnei kōrero—ka taea te aukati i ngā pikinga ngaohiko morearea i roto i te miriona o te hēkona. Engari koinei te raruraru: he tokomaha te hunga e kawe mai ana i tēnei "kaitiaki" ki te kāinga me te kore e mōhio me pēhea te whakamahi tika.

I tēnei rā, me kōrero tātou mō tēnei kaitiaki haumaru hiko, he āhua māmā noa iho engari he tino uaua.

Wāhanga 1: Kia mōhio ki tō "kaitiaki hiko"

1.1 He aha te momo "hangarau pango" a SPD?

Ki te pono, ehara i te mea uaua te kaupapa o te parenga ngaru. He rite ki te "pana atamai", e noho puku ana i ngā wā noa. Kia kitea he ngaohiko rerekē (pērā i ngā tekau mano o ngā ngaohiko teitei i te wā e pā ana te uira), ka taea e ia te "tuwhera i te tatau me te tuku wai" i roto i ngā nanohekona, me te kawe i te iahiko morearea ki te whenua. Kia pēhea te tere o tēnei tere tauhohenga? He miriona ngā wā tere atu i tō kimo!

1.2 Te wetewete i ngā "whekau o roto" o te SPD

Ko ngā SPD noa i te mākete e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā "pūkenga motuhake" e toru hei mahi:

Te momo whakarewa waikura (MOV): ka mimiti i te ngaohiko nui pērā i te hautai e mimiti ana i te wai

Ngongo tuku hau (GDT): ka arahina ngā iahiko nui mā te hau whakakoiora

Te pūwero pehi whakawhiti (TVS): he tohunga ki te whakahaere i aua pārūrū iti-pūngao "kino"

He mea whakamīharo, he rerekē ngā kaha o ngā momo SPD. Pērā i te whiriwhiri i tētahi kaitiaki tinana, kāore e taea te titiro noa ki ngā uaua, ko te whiriwhiri i tētahi SPD ka whakawhirinaki anō hoki ki te kaupapa - he rerekē rawa ngā hiahia o tētahi awheawhe wheketere me tētahi whare pikitia kāinga.

Wāhanga 2: Whakaakona koe ki te tāuta i te SPD i ia taahiraa

2.1 He aratohu hei karo i ngā hapa i te hoko

I tērā tau, i amuamu mai tētahi kaihoko ki ahau kāore i te whai hua te SPD i hokona e ia. I muri i taku pātai, i kitea e au kua tāuta e ia he tauira 20kA mō te whakamahi kāinga i runga i tētahi teihana turanga i tētahi wāhi maunga e pāngia pinepinetia ana e te uira! He rite tēnei ki te whakamahi i tētahi maru hei ārai i te whatu. He mea rerekē mēnā kāore i pakaru.

Kia maumahara ki ēnei tau matua i te wā e hoko ana koe:

• Uara ngaohiko: me ōrite! Ko te tāuta i tētahi SPD 380V ki tētahi pūnaha 220V he rite ki te kore tāuta

• Te tere o te rere: E taunakitia ana te 40kA mō ngā rohe takutai e maha ana te uira

• Aratau parenga: Ko te momo "1+1" e whakamahia ana mō ngā taputapu whare noa, ā, ko te momo "3+1" te mea pai mō ngā taputapu tino tika.

2.2 "Akoranga toto me ngā roimata" i te wāhi tāutanga

I te marama kua taha ake nei, i haere ahau ki tētahi pokapū raraunga mō te tiaki, ā, i kitea e au kua tāutahia tā rātou SPD i te 3 mita te tawhiti atu i te raina matua! He rite tēnei ki te raka i tētahi tinei ahi i te rūma e whai ake nei. Mena he ahi tūturu, kāore he wā hei tiki atu.

Te tūnga tāutanga tika:

• Whakawetohia te hiko! Whakawetohia te hiko! Whakawetohia te hiko! (Me kīia ngā mea nui kia toru ngā wā)

• Kia maumahara ki te raupapatanga waea: honoa te waea whenua i te tuatahi, kātahi te waea kūpapa, ā, i te mutunga ko te waea ora

• Whakamātauria te whakapoto i te roa o te waea hononga (ka haurua te pānga tiaki mēnā neke atu i te 0.5 mita)

• Kaua e wareware ki te mahi i tētahi "whakamātautau tinana": whakamahia he megohmmeter hei ine i te ātete whenua

Anei tētahi mahi tinihanga: tāpirihia he pepa piri ki te taha o te SPD, ka tuhia te rā tāutanga. He rite tēnei mea ki te papa pēki waka, me whakakapi i muri i te whakamahinga roa.

Wāhanga 3: Kāore i arohia ngā taipitopito tiaki e te 90% o te tangata

3.1 "Ngā tohu o te mate" o te SPD

• Kāore e taea e te SPD te kōrero, engari ka kī atu ia "Kei te mate ahau" i ēnei ara:

• Ka huri te anga hei kōwhai, ka rerekē te āhua (pēnei i te taonga kirihou tawhito) Ka tīmata te rama tohu ki te "whakangaromanga" (e kitea ana kei te hiko engari kāore i te kā) He maha ngā āhuatanga "kehua" o te taputapu (tīmata anō, pakaru rānei kāore i te whakamāramatia)

• He mea pai kia tirohia ngāwari i ia hauwhā: pā atu ki te pāmahana o te anga ki tō ringaringa (ki te wera, he raruraru), tirohia hoki te tohu matapihi (ko te kakariki te tikanga he hauora, ko te whero te tikanga me whakakapi).

3.2 Ngā "hapa iti noa iho" i mahia e mātou i aua tau

• Whakaaturanga hapa 1: Te whakahaere i te SPD hei whakapaipai "kotahi tonu" (he mea pau)

• Whakaaturanga hapa 2: Te hono noa i te waea whenua ki te anga rino (me whakamahi he hiko whenua motuhake)

• Whakaaturanga hapa 3: Te whakaranu i ngā SPD o ngā waitohu rerekē (pērā i te tango matapōkere i ngā rongoā Hainamana me te Hauāuru)

Ko te mea tino whakarihariha ko taku kitenga i tētahi e whakamahi ana i te SPD hei riipene hiko, e kī ana i ngā ipu hiko me ngā oumu ngaruiti...

Wāhanga 4: Ngā Pātai me ngā Whakautu mai i te pakanga tūturu

Q: Ka taea e koe te okioki mārie i muri i te tāutanga o te SPD?

A: Pērā i te whitiki nohoanga, kāore e taea te tukinga ā-taupānga o te motuka. Ko te SPD+te ārai uira+UPS te kete katoa.

Q: Me pēhea te whakatau mēnā kua pakaru te SPD, kua hē rānei te taputapu?

A: He mahi māmā noa iho: i muri i te tango i te SPD, ka hoki anō te taputapu ki te āhua noa, ko te raru SPD te take.

Q: Kia pehea te roa o te ora mahi o te SPD?

A: Kei te maha o ngā "pānga" tēnei. Hei tauira, i pāngia tētahi kiritaki i Guangdong e te 12 ngā pānga uira i te rā kotahi, ā, i mutu tana SPD i roto i ngā marama e toru.

Hei whakamutunga: Ko te whakaaro o te "hoko inihua" mō ngā pūnaha hiko

He tini rawa ngā tāngata kua kite ahau e hiahia ana ki te whakapau moni nui ki ngā taputapu, engari he tino aro nui rātou ki te tiaki. Inaa, he rite te SPD ki te "inihua hauora" o te pūnaha hiko. Kāore pea koe e rongo i tōna noho i ngā wā noa, engari ka taea e ia te whakaora i tō ora i ngā wā tino nui.

Hei whakamutunga, e hiahia ana ahau ki te kōrero i tētahi kupu ki te katoa: ehara te parenga ngaru pai i te mea tino utu nui, engari ko te mea tino tika. A te wā e hoko ai koe i tētahi atu wā, me pātai atu ki te kaiwhakarato he aha ngā whakamātautau mahi kua pā ki tēnei tauira. Nā te mea, kāore tetahi e maia ki te whai "kaitiaki" e kōrero noa ana mōna i runga i te pepa.

Ngā Tuhipoka Hangarau:

• E whakaatu ana ngā raraunga ine ka taea e ngā SPD kua tāuta tika te whakaiti i te kino o te uira mā te 82%

• E ai ki te IEC 61643, ko te wā urupare o tētahi SPD kounga teitei me ≤25ns

• I ngā wāhi e kaha ana te whatitiri, e taunakihia ana kia whakakapia ngā wāhanga matua o te SPD i ia 3 tau