1.Ngā tūponotanga huna kei muri i te umanga photovoltaic e puāwai ana

I ngā tau tata nei, kua tino tere te tipu o te mākete photovoltaic o te ao, he rite tonu ki te rōkete. Kei te maumahara tonu ahau i taku haerenga ki te whakaaturanga pūngao o te rā i Tiamana i ngā tau e rima ki muri, ko te mana o te waeine matua he tata ki te 300W. Ināianei, ehara i te mea onge te kite i ngā waeine mata-rua 600W+. Heoi, i waenganui i tēnei pikinga tāutanga, he take nui e warewarehia ana - te tiaki pūnaha.

I te tau kua hipa, i whakahaerehia e tā mātou kamupene tētahi take mai i Turkey: he teihana hiko whenua 5MW. E toru marama i muri i te hononga ki te whatunga hiko, e whā ngā inverters i tahuna i te ara kotahi. I te wā o te rangahau i te papaanga, i kitea kua penapenahia e te rangatira ngā utu mā te korenga o ngā taputapu tiaki ngaru i te taha DC. Ko te mate whakamutunga i eke ki te neke atu i te 200,000 tāra US, he nui hei hoko i ngā rau o ngā SPD papai. Kāore i te onge ēnei akoranga i roto i te umanga.

2."Ngā kaikōhuru ngaohiko" e pā ana ki ngā pūnaha photovoltaic

2.1Te whiunga uira: te riri tino morearea

Kua tūtaki ahau ki tētahi kaupapa whakakī hiko hī ika-irahiko i Hainan. Neke atu i te 90 ngā rā o te whatitiri i ia tau i te rohe. I whakamōhio mai tā rātou kaiwhakahaere mahi ki ahau i mua i te tāutanga o te SPD, i noho mataku tonu rātou i te wā o te whatitiri i ia tau. Ko te mea tino kino ko te pānga o te uira i meinga ai ngā kaitahuri aho katoa o te rarangi katoa kia "whakaeke" ngātahi.

He mea whakamīharo, he tokomaha te hunga e whakaaro ana ko ngā pānga uira tika anake te mea morearea. Inaa, e whakaatu ana ā mātou raraunga kitenga ka taea e ngā pānga uira i roto i te radius 3-kiromita te whakaputa i tētahi ngaru i puta mai he kaha ki te kino i ngā taputapu. I mua he kaupapa nō Brazil i reira te pūwāhi pānga uira i te pāmu tata, engari i pakaru ngā waeine aroturuki katoa o te pūnaha photovoltaic.

2.2Te Hurihuri o te Whatunga: Te Kaikōhuru Kāore e Kitea

I a mātou e whai wāhi ana ki te whakatūnga o tētahi kaupapa tuanui i Whitināmu i tērā tau, i tuhia e mātou he raraunga whakamiharo: Ko te piki me te heke o te ngaohiko o te whatunga hiko ā-rohe i ngā wā tino nui e pau ana te hiko i neke atu i te 15%. He nui ake te kino o tēnei whakapōrearea ngaohiko tonu ki te roa o te ora o ngā taputapu i ngā ngaru tere.

Ko te raruraru nui ake ko te iahiko ngaru e whakaputaina ana e te pūnaha photovoltaic tonu. Kia mahara, i tētahi wā i te whakamātautau i tētahi waitohu inverter, ko te pikinga ngaohiko i puta i te wā e kati ana he whā ngā wā o te ngaohiko kua whakatauria! Ko tēnei momo iahiko ngaru "e whakaputa ana i a ia anō, e pau ana i a ia anō" he mea kāore e kitea e te nuinga o ngā kaipupuri whenua.

3.Me pēhea te tiaki a te SPD i te pūnaha photovoltaic?

3.1Parenga maha-paparanga: Whakanohoia he "koti ārai-matā" mō te pūnaha

Me rite te pūnaha tiaki pai ki te riki me ngā paparanga maha o te parenga. E taunaki ana mātou kia whakamahia e ngā kiritaki tētahirautaki tiaki taumata-toru:

Taumata rarangi:Tāutahia te Momo 2 SPD ki te pouaka whakakotahi hei tiaki i te nuinga o ngā uira e puta mai ana.

Taumata hurihuri: Whakamahia te SPD photovoltaic motuhake ki te taha tāuru DC. Kia aro nui ki te kōwhiringa o te ngaohiko Uc.

Pūwāhi hononga whatunga:Tāutahia he SPD e urutau ana ki ngā āhuatanga o te whatunga ā-rohe i te taha AC.

3.2Te Mārama Hē o te Kōwhiringa: Ko te teitei ake o te tawhā, ko te pai ake

He maha ngā wā ka kitea te whai a ngā kiritaki i ngā uara Imax teitei. Ina hoki, mō te nuinga o ngā kaupapa tohatoha, he rawaka te kaha tukunga 20kA. Ko te mea nui kei roto i:

- Te āheinga taurite ngaohiko (Uc ≥ 1.2 × Ngaohiko pūnaha mōrahi)

- Te taumata ngaohiko toenga (He mea nui tēnei hei whakatau mēnā ka taea te tiaki i te taputapu)

- Mahi tohu pirau (He mea tino nui tēnei nā te mea ka taea te ārai i te "zombie SPD")

I tohe tetahi kaihoko Ahitereiria kia tāutahia he SPD me te whakatauranga o te 40kA. Heoi, nā te iti rawa o te ngaohiko Uc i whiriwhiria, ka pakeke wawe te SPD i te wā i raro i te kawenga māmā o te pūnaha.

3.3Kaua e tukua ngā ngoikoretanga o te tiakitanga kia heke ai ngā hua o te haumitanga

Kua kite ahau i te tini o ngā kaipupuri whare tino tupato e pai ana ki te whakapau moni nui ki ngā wāhanga tino pai engari he tino tupato ki te tiaki i te pūnaha. Inaa, ko te otinga SPD (Surge Protective Device) kua hoahoatia pai te nuinga o te wā ka eke ki te 0.3% ki te 0.5% noa iho o te utu katoa o te kaupapa, engari ka taea e ia te ārai i te neke atu i te 80% o ngā pakaru hiko.

E taunakihia ana kia whakaarohia e te katoa ngā mea e whai ake nei i te wā e hoahoa ana:

- Ngā raraunga ā-rohe mō ngā rā whatitiri (ka taea te tiki ngāwari mai i te tari huarere)

- Ngā pūrongo kounga whatunga

- Ngā paerewa ātete ngaru i whakatakotoria e ngā kaihanga taputapu

Whakamutunga

Kia pumau ai te mahi a te pūnaha photovoltaic mō ngā tau 25, me whai parenga pono mō ngā ngaru hiko. He rite ki te mahi i ngā teitei me te kore e mau i te whitiki haumaru – tera pea ka taea e koe te noho haumaru mō ngā wā tuatahi e 99, engari ko te wā 100 ka nui pea te utu.