Ngā Kaitiaki Pupuhi: Te "Paruru Kino" e Tiaki ana i te Oranga Hou

1. Ngā Tio Ngaohiko Mōrearea: Ngā "Kaikohuru Wahangu" i Waenganui i a Tātou

I roto i tētahi whare i ngā taha o Bangalore, Īnia, kei te maumahara tonu a Rajiv ki te aituā o te wā ua o te tau kua hipa—whai muri i te whatitiri, ka mutu te mahi a tana pouaka whakaata LCD hou, tana pouaka whakamātao, me āna hauhautanga e rua i te wā kotahi. I hoatu e te tohunga whakatika he tātaritanga ohorere ki a ia: "Ehara i te mea he whiunga uira tika. Ko te kino i puta mai i te ngaru hiko i puta mai i te whatunga hiko."

Kei te puta ngā kōrero ōrite puta noa i te ao. E ai ki ngā raraunga mai i Munich Re, i te tau 2022 anake, kua piki ake ngā kereme inihua o te ao mō ngā taputapu hiko i pakaru i ngā ngaru hiko mā te 17%. He mea whakamīharo ake, tata ki te 65% o ngā taputapu i pāngia kāore i te kapi motuhake mō te pikinga o te ngaohiko.

"E whakaititia ana e te tangata te kaha whakangaro o ngā pikinga ngaohiko ohorere," te whakamārama a Ahorangi Chen Zhiming o te Tari Hangarau Hiko i te Whare Wānanga o te Motu o Singapore. "Ka taea e te pikinga ngaohiko iti iho i te kotahi miriona o te hēkona te huri i ngā taputapu tairongo tekau mano tāra hei konganuku para."

2. Te Parenga Ngaru: He Huringa Hangarau mai i ngā Wheketere ki ngā Rūma Noho

Ko te pikinga ake o ngā parenga ngaru hiko e whakaata ana i te whanaketanga o te haumaru hiko tonu. I ngā tau 1970, i whakamahia motuhaketia ēnei taputapu ki ngā whare ahumahi taumaha. I tāutahia e ngā miihini i Siemens i Ruhr Valley o Tiamana ngā tauira tuatahi hei tiaki i ngā pūnaha whakahaere hurihuri maitai e hia miriona tāra te utu.

Kua huri ngā wā. I ēnei rā, kua noho noa ngā taputapu tiaki ngaru hiko (SPD). I Tōkyō, kua rite ngā whare noho hou ki ngā pūnaha tiaki taumata-toru. I Los Angeles, ka whakamahia e ngā kaiwhakauru whare atamai ngā SPD hei paerewa. Ā, i te mākete hiko Huaqiangbei o Shenzhen, ka hokona ngā taura hiko tiaki ngaru hiko me ngā tauranga USB mō te iti iho i te 100 yuan.

"Kei te rerekē haere tēnei mākete," te kī a Maria Gonzalez, he kaitātari i Frost & Sullivan. "E hiahia ana ngā mākete papai ki ngā otinga atamai, whakauru, ko ngā ōhanga hou ia e whakatairanga ana i te tiakitanga taketake 'pai rawaka'."

3. He Tirohanga Mākete Ao: Ngā Huarahi ā-Rohe

E pai ana a Ūropi ki ngā otinga pūnaha. I Berlin, e 85% o ngā hanganga whare hou e whakauru ana i te tiakitanga o te ngaru hiko mō te whare katoa, e akiakihia ana e ngā ture hanga whare tino pakari.

He āhua mahi ā-ringa ngā kaihoko o Amerika Te Raki. E kī ana a Mike Johnson, he tohunga hiko nō Texas, "Ko te nuinga o ngā kiritaki ka whakaaro noa ki ngā SPD i muri i te pānga o ngā mate. He rite ki te inihua—e whakaaro ana te iwi kāore he aituā e pā ki a rātou."

I te Tonga-mā-rāwhiti o Āhia, kei te whakarite ngā kaihanga auaha i ngā otinga kia rite ki ngā āhuatanga o te rohe. I roto i ngā marama e ono o te whakarewatanga, i riro i ngā SPD ātete-haumākū a te kamupene tīmatanga o Thailand, a ElecSure, i hangaia mō ngā āhuarangi pārūrū, te 15% o te hea mākete.

4. Ngā ngoikoretanga i warewarehia

Ahakoa i ngā rohe e mōhio ana ki te tiaki i ngā ngaru nui, kei te mau tonu ngā whakaaro hē. I whakaatuhia e tētahi rangahau a Te Whare Wānanga o Seoul:

- 42% o ngā kaiwhakautu i whakapono "he ārai ā-roto kei roto i ngā taputapu utu nui"
- 68% kāore i mōhio me whakakapi ngā SPD i ia wā, i ia wā
- Tata ki te 90% o ngā whare kāore anō kia whakamātau i ā rātou pūnaha whenua

"Ehara i te mea ko ngā tūponotanga ngaro ngā tūponotanga nui rawa atu, engari ko ngā tūponotanga kāore i te māramahia," te kī a Kim Min-chul o te Korea Electrical Safety Corporation.

5. Kei konei te Ao o Muri Mai: Te Tiakitanga o te Reanga e Whai Ake Nei

I te Whakaaturanga Hanganga o te Ao o Geneva, i puta he ohorere i te SPD "whakaora-ā-ia-anō" a te kamupene Huiterangi GuardTech. Mā te whakamahi i ngā rauemi nano, ka taea e ia te whakaora ā-motuhake i muri i ngā ngaru nui, e tekau ngā wā roa ake i ngā tauira tuku iho.

I tēnei wā, kei te uru atu te AI ki te ao. Ka whakamahia e te pūnaha aroturuki hiko a Huawei te ako mīhini hei matapae i ngā āhuatanga rerekē o te whatunga, me te whakahohe i ngā parenga i mua i te wā.

"Kei te whanake haere tēnei i tua atu i te pareparenga kore mahi," te kī a te Perehitini o te IEEE Power Electronics Society, a David Freeman. "Kei te huri hei pareparenga mohio, matatau hoki."

Whakamutunga: Te Parenga Kore e Kitea, Te Anamata e Kitea ana  

Ko te hītori o te hangarau tiaki ngaru hiko he rite ki te pukapuka poto o te hiko hou. Mai i ngā taputapu ahumahi tawhito ki ngā kaitiaki whare atamai o ēnei rā, e whakaata ana ngā SPD i te māramatanga hohonu o te tangata ki te mana hiko.

I te kaha haere o te huringa āhuarangi, me te auau haere o ngā huarere kino, me pātai pea tātou katoa: I te wā e hoko ana i taua pouaka whakaata atamai hou, kaua rānei tātou e haumi ki tētahi "kaitiaki hiko" pono?

■ Tohutohu Tere:

Te Kōwhiri i ngā Kaitiaki Ngaru Kāinga
1. Tirohia ngā tiwhikete (UL, CE, CCC)
2. Whakatauritehia te taumata tiaki ki te uara o te taputapu
3. Whakamātautauhia ia tau
4. Kia mōhio ki te iahiko tukunga mōrahi
5. Pai ake ki ngā tauira me ngā tohu tūnga