He Aratohu Katoa ki ngā SPD AC/DC, ngā Ārai Pupuhi, me te Parenga PV
He maha ngā wā ka āwangawanga ahau mō te wā e kore ai e taea te pūnaha ina pā mai ngā pikinga ohorere ki aku kaupapa, nō reira ka whakawhirinaki ahau ki tētahi Pūrere Tiaki Ngaru kua mātotoruhia kia pumau ai, kia taea ai hoki te matapae i ia tāutanga.
Ko te Pūrere Ārai Ngaru (SPD) me te taputapu ārai ngaru he wāhanga tiaki hiko e whakamahia ana hei tahuri ke i ngā ngaru uira, whakawhiti rānei mai i ngā taputapu. Ka tiakina e rātou ngā pūnaha PV, ngā whatunga AC, ngā kaiwhakahaere, me ngā mīhini ahumahi mā te pupuri i ngā ngaohiko whakawhiti morearea i mua i te taenga atu ki ngā hikohiko tairongo.
Ki te hiahia koe te parenga kaha mō ngā wheketere, ngā whare, ngā tipu hiko pūngao rā rānei, mā te mārama ki te mahi a ngā SPD ka āwhina i a koe ki te whiriwhiri i te SPD ahumahi tika, me te whakaiti i ngā mōrearea mahi mō te wā roa. Nā, me whakamārama mārama e au ngā mea katoa.
He aha ngā Pūnaha Whakaoho Ngaru me ngā Pūnaha Hiko me te Pūnaha Rā?
He maha ngā wā ka kite ahau i te whakapoauau i waenga i ngā SPD me ngā arrei puhake, ā, ka whakararuraru i ngā tīma hokohoko e hiahia ana ki te tiakitanga pono.
Ka tiakina e ngā pūārai ngaru me ngā SPD ngā pūnaha hiko mai i ngā ngaohiko whakawhiti pūngao-tiketike. Ka āraihia, ka hurihia hoki e ngā SPD ngā ngaru, ko ngā pūārai ngaru ia ka ārai i ngā au o te uira i ngā taumata pūngao teitei ake. Ka whakaitihia e rāua te rahunga o ngā taputapu, ka whakapai ake hoki i te pono o te pūnaha.
He rerekē te mahi a ngā pūārai ngaru me ngā SPD ahakoa he rite tonu te raruraru e arohia ana e rāua. Ko te nuinga o te wā, ka whakamahia e te SPD ngā wāhanga MOV, GDT rānei hei whakawhāiti i ngā pikinga ngaohiko tauwhiro. I te nuinga o te wā ka whakanohoia he pūārai ngaru ki te tomokanga ratonga hei aukati i ngā hiko uira kaha-teitei kei uru ki te whare. Ka whakamahia e au ngā SPD i ngā ara iahiko o raro nā te mea ka tere ake tā rātou mahi, ko au ia ka whakamahia ngā pūārai ngaru ki te papa matua mō ngā kaupapa uira taumaha.
Te Whakamāramatanga o te SPD me te Surge Arrester
Ka whakawhāitihia e te SPD te ngaohiko nui mā te pupuri i te ngaru, ko te aukati ngaru ka huri i te uira kaha-nui ki te whenua me te kore e tuku kia uru ki roto i te whare. Ka whakamārama tonu ahau i tēnei rerekētanga hei karo i te kōwhiringa hua hē.
Te Mahi a te Hangarau MOV i roto i ngā Pūrere Ngaru
Ka rerekē te ātete o ngā MOV i runga i te ngaohiko. Ina puta he ngaru nui, ka heke tonu te ātete o te MOV, ka tukuna te kaha nui ki te whenua. He tere, he pumau, ā, he pai rawa atu tēnei tauhohenga mō ngā tono SPD ahumahi.
Ngā Wāhanga Matua: MOV, GDT, Fiusi Wera
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MOV ka whakahaere i ngā ngaru tere
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ADG e whakahaere ana i ngā iahiko uira nui
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Pūwero wera ka momotu ina wera rawa te MOV
Ka mahi tahi ēnei wāhanga e toru hei whakarato i te tiaki pumau.
Ngā momo SPD mō ngā pūnaha hiko PV, AC, me DC
He maha aku mahi me ngā pūnaha AC/DC whakauru, ā, mā te whiriwhiri i te momo SPD hē ka raru pea, ka kore rānei e haumaru te mahi.
Ka whakarōpūtia ngā SPD e ai ki te tūranga tāutanga, te momo ngaohiko, me te taumata tiaki. Momo 1 Ka whakahaerea e te Momo 2 ngā ngaru uira, ka whakahaerea e te Momo 2 ngā whakawhiti whakawhiti, ā, ka tiakihia e te Momo 3 ngā taputapu pūrua. Ka tiakihia e ngā AC SPD ngā ara iahiko whatunga, ko ngā DC SPD ia ka tiaki i ngā aho PV tae atu ki te 1000V.
Kei raro nei ngā whakarōpūtanga SPD e whakamahia ana e au i roto i ngā kaupapa ahumahi me te pūngao rā:
Ngā Kāwai SPD mā te Taupānga
| Kāwai SPD | Momo Ngaohiko | Te Whakamahinga Noa |
|---|---|---|
| Momo 1 SPD | AC | Ngā papa matua, ngā rohe uira |
| Momo 2 SPD | AC / DC | Tohatoha-iti, ngā wheketere |
| Momo 3 SPD | AC | Ngā kawenga tairongo, ngā hikohiko |
AC SPD mō ngā Pūnaha Wāhanga Kotahi me te Wāhanga-Toru
Ka whakamahia e au ngā SPD AC i roto i ngā papa tohatoha hei tiaki i ngā motuka, ngā pūnaha HVAC, me ngā mīhini ahumahi. Ka whakaratohia e ngā SPD toru-wāhanga he tiaki taurite puta noa i te L1, L2, me te L3.
DC SPD mō ngā Pūnaha PV tae atu ki te 1000V
Ka tiakina e ngā PV DC SPD ngā arai pūngao rā, ngā pūwhakahurihuri, me ngā pouaka whakakotahi. Kua hangaia ēnei SPD hei whakahaere haumaru i te ahotea ngaohiko DC tonu.
Ngā Whakamārama mō ngā Tiaki Ngaru Momo 1, Momo 2, me te Momo 3
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Momo 1: te parenga o mua o te uira
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Momo 2: te tiakitanga o te ngaru whakawhiti i raro iho
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Momo 3: te tiaki taputapu pūrua
Te Parenga Ngaru mō ngā Pūnaha Hiko 480V me te 110V
Ina āwhina ahau i ngā kaihanga ki te whiriwhiri i ngā SPD, ko te whakatauranga ngaohiko te mea tuatahi hei whakatau.
He rerekē ngā paepae ngaohiko SPD e hiahiatia ana e ngā pūnaha 480V me te 110V hei pupuri haumaru i ngā ngaru. Ka taea e te parenga ngaru 3-wāhanga 480V te whakahaere i ngā kawenga ahumahi, ko ngā SPD 110V/220V ia e tiaki ana i ngā ara iahiko kāinga me te arumoni.
Ngā Kāwai Ngaohiko me te Kōwhiringa SPD
| Ngaohiko Pūnaha | Kōwhiringa SPD | Te Whakamahinga Noa |
|---|---|---|
| 110V | Momo AC SPD 2 | Ngā kāinga, ngā tari |
| 220V | Momo AC SPD 2 | Pānui whānui |
| 480V | Momo AC SPD 1/2 | Ngā wheketere ahumahi |
He aha te Kaitiaki Ngaru 3-Wāhanga 480V
Ka tiakina e tēnei SPD ngā motuka ahumahi, ngā whakawhiti hiko, ngā VFD, me ngā whatunga tohatoha i roto i ngā whare nui. Me āhei ki te tu atu ki te iahiko teitei me te tu atu ki ngā ngaru auau.
Te Mahi a ngā SPD 110V me te 220V i roto i ngā Pūnaha Noho
Me iti ake te ngaohiko here o ngā ara iahiko kāinga hei tiaki i ngā hiko tairongo. Ka tere te urupare a ēnei SPD ki ngā ngaru whakawhiti mai i ngā taputapu hiko.
Kaitiaki Ngaru Taketake me te SPD Matatau
He iti noa iho ngā tātari MOV e tukuna ana e te parenga ngaru taketake. E tukuna ana e te SPD ahumahi ngā momotu wera, ngā tohu tūnga, ngā kōwae ka taea te whakakapi, me ngā whakatauranga pūngao teitei ake.
Te Parenga Pupuhi PV mō ngā Paewhiri Rā me ngā Inverters
He tino tairongo ngā tipu hiko pūngao rā ki te uira me ngā ngaru whakawhiti, nō reira ka tūtohu tonu ahau kia whakanohoia ngā SPD ki ngā taha AC me DC.
Ka tiakina e ngā PV SPD ngā aho o te rā, ngā inverters, ngā pūmana MPPT, me ngā taputapu aroturuki. Ka whakaitihia te wā kore mahi, ka roa ake hoki te roa o te pūnaha.
Ngā Rohe Tiaki PV
| Wāhanga PV | SPD i tūtohutia | Take |
|---|---|---|
| Huinga PV | DC SPD | Ka tiaki i ngā aho DC roa |
| Pouaka Whakakotahi | DC SPD | Te nui o te ngaru e kitea ana |
| Putanga AC Whakawhiti | AC SPD | Te tiakitanga here-pūnaha |
Kaitiaki Ngaru mō ngā Pūnaha Hiko Rā
Kua hangaia ēnei SPD hei whakahaere i ngā ngaohiko DC tonu me ngā ngaru uira e kitea whānuitia ana i roto i ngā whakaurunga papa tuwhera.
Te Tūranga o te SPD i roto i ngā Pouaka Whakakotahi DC me ngā Pouaka Whakatakotoranga PV
Ko ngā pouaka whakakotahi te wāhi tuatahi e uru mai ai ngā ngaru hiko. Me tāuta ngā SPD ki konei hei aukati i te nuinga o te pūngao i mua i te taenga atu ki te inverter.
Me pēhea te tiaki i ngā hikohiko me ngā kaiwhakahaere o te rā
Ka tiakina e au ngā pūmana mā te tāpiri i ngā SPD AC Momo 2 ki te putanga me ngā SPD DC Momo 2 ki te tāuru. Mā tēnei ka hangaia he mekameka tiaki kua taungahia.
Ngā Whakaritenga Tāutanga mō ngā SPD AC/DC i roto i ngā Pūnaha Rā
Ko te tāutanga ngoikore te tino take o te rahunga o te SPD, ā, he maha ngā wā ka kitea tēnei i roto i ngā wheketere me ngā pāmu pūngao rā.
Mā te waea tika, te whenua, me te whiriwhiri SPD ka ārai i te wera nui, te hinganga teka, me te kino o te whakamarumaru. Me whai ngā kaiwhakauru i ngā ara waea poto me te here tika.
Waea Tika mō te AC SPD Wāhanga-Kotahi me te Wāhanga-Toru
Ka puritia e au te roa o ngā waea i raro i te 0.5m hei whakapai ake i te wā urupare SPD. Ka whakaitihia e ngā waea roa te kaha tiaki.
Me pēhea te Tāuta i te SPD i roto i ngā Ara Iahiko PV DC 1000V
Me tāuta ngā PV DC SPD me te polarity me te whenua tika. Ka tino whai au i ngā hoahoa a te kaihanga kia kore ai e tūpono ngā tūponotanga o te au whakamuri.
Ngā Whakaritenga Whakatakotoranga me te Herenga mō ngā Pūrere Ngaru
Me iti te ātete o te hononga, ā, me hono ki te pae whenua matua. Mēnā he kino te whenua, ka hē te mahi a te SPD.
Te Kōwhiri i te Pouaka Taupoki Tiaki Ngaru Tika
Me whai IP65, neke atu rānei, ngā ārai mō ngā whakaurunga o waho, hei ārai i te kino o te makuku.
Te Mahi me te Āhuatanga Tiaki o te MOV Surge Arrester
Ko ngā MOV te uho o te nuinga o ngā SPD e whakamahia ana e au, inā koa i roto i ngā taiao ahumahi.
Ka āraihia e ngā pū ārai ngaru MOV ngā ngaru mā te whakaheke tonu i te ātete ina nui ake te ngaohiko i te paepae. Ka whakaratohia e rātou he tiaki tere, pumau hoki mō ngā wheketere me ngā pūnaha pūngao rā.
He aha te MOV Surge Arrester?
E whakamahi ana i te rauemi haurua-waikura whakarewa hei kite i ngā ngaru hiko me te huri i aua ngaru ki te whenua.
Ngā Aratau Rahunga MOV me te Momotu Wera
Tērā pea ka wera rawa ngā MOV i muri i ngā pikinga auau, nō reira ka momotu haumaru ngā fiusi wera. Ko ngā SPD anake me ngā āhuatanga wehewehe wera ka whiriwhiria e au.
Te Ārai a ngā Pūrere MOV i ngā Ārai Uira
Ka mimitihia e rātou te taha mua o te ngaru uira, ā, ka ārai i te urunga ki ngā hikohiko o raro.
Aratohu Hoko: Me pēhea te Kōwhiri i te SPD Tika mō tō Tono
Ina āwhina au i ngā tīma hokohoko, ka arotahi tonu ahau ki te ngaohiko, te whakatauranga o ia au, me te tiwhikete.
Kōwhiria ngā SPD i runga i te ngaohiko pūnaha, te whakatauranga Imax, te wā urupare, me ngā tiwhikete pēnei i te UL1449/IEC61643. Mō ngā pūnaha AC/DC whakauru, tīpakohia ngā SPD motuhake mō ia taha.
Te Rahi i ngā SPD mō ngā Pūnaha 100A, 220V, me te 480V
Me nui ake ngā whakatauranga MCOV me Imax mō ngā pūnaha hiko teitei ake. Me kaha ngā SPD Momo 1/2 mō ngā raina ahumahi 480V.
Te whiriwhiri i te AC me te DC SPD mō ngā Pūnaha Rā Whakaranu
Kaua rawa e whakawhiti. Ka taea e ngā SPD DC te whakahaere i te polarity tonu; he mea hanga ngā SPD AC mō ngā ngaru tauutuutu.
Me pēhea te whiriwhiri i ngā waitohu me ngā tiwhikete SPD
Ka whiriwhiria e au ngā kaiwhakarato he pumau te kounga o ngā hua, he mārama ngā tuhinga, ā, he matapaetia te tukunga mai—ina koa mō ngā kiritaki hanga nui pēnei i a koe.
Whakamutunga
Kōwhiria he kounga teitei Pūrere Tiaki Ngaru kua mātotoruhia hei tiaki i ia wāhanga o tō pūnaha hiko, o tō pūnaha rā rānei, hei whakaiti hoki i ngā mōrearea mō te wā roa.
Ngā Pātai Auau
1. Me whai SPD Momo 1 me Momo 2 ahau?
Āe. Ka whakahaere te Momo 1 i te pūngao uira, ā, ka whakahaere te Momo 2 i ngā ngaru whakawhiti.
2. Kia pēhea te auau o te whakakapinga o ngā SPD?
Ia 3–5 tau i ngā taiao ngaru nui, i muri tonu iho rānei i te tohu o te rahunga.
3. Ka taea e te kotahi SPD te tiaki i te whare katoa?
Kāo. Me whai parenga maha-taumata mō te kapinga katoa.
4. E hiahiatia ana ngā DC SPD mō ngā pūnaha PV?
Āe. Ka tiakina e rātou ngā aho PV roa mai i te pānga o te uira.
5. He aha ngā tiwhikete me tirotiro e au?
IEC61643, UL1449, CE, RoHS, me ngā pūrongo whakamātautau.
6. Ka taea e ngā SPD te ārai katoa i te kino o te uira?
Kāo, engari ka tino whakaitihia e rātou te pūngao e tae atu ana ki ngā taputapu.