I mātaki ahau i tētahi $150,000 CNC rārangikati nā te mea he$90 SPDi tāutahia kia toru ngā rūma te tawhiti. Nā taua hapa kotahi i puta ai he wiki katoa o te ngaronga whakaputaā, kua ngaro i a mātou tētahi kiritaki i whaia e mātou mō ngā tau e rua.

I roto i tēnei aratohu, ka tohaina e au e rima ngā mea noa SPDngā hapa tāutangaka taea tino whakaiti i te mahi, me te whakamārama me pēhea taku ārai i a rātou i roto i taku ake tipu. I ahu mai ia akoranga i ngā hinganga tūturu kua kite ahau i roto i Tiamana, Wīwī, Amerika, me Īniai a koe e tuku ana i ngā panera Leikexing. Whāia ēnei tohutohu, ā, ka angitu koe i tō tirotiro mara e whai ake nei i te nganatanga tuatahi.

Me pēhea te Kōwhiria te Momo SPD Tika

I Detroit, i whiriwhiria e au te whakatauranga ngaohiko SPD hē, ka pakaru te whatiwhatii ia whatitiri. Nō reira, ko te tīma tiakingaro wawe te whakaponoi roto i aku taputapu.

Inaianei tonu ahau taurite ki te Uc a te SPDki te ngaohiko pūnaha tāpiri atu ki te 10%, ā, whiriwhiria te akomanga tikamō te taunga o te panera. Mā tēnei mahi māmā ka kua whakaitihia ngā haerenga whakararuraru mā te neke atu i te 80%.

Me pēhea te pānui i ngā ingoa IEC me UL

E whakamārama ana te UL 1449 i ngā SPD hei Momo 1, Momo 2, me te Momo 3,

ko te IEC 61643-11 ia e whakamahi ana i te Akomanga I, te Akomanga II, me te Akomanga III.

E whakaahua ana ngā pūnaha whakaingoa e rua i te tūranga o te SPD i roto i te hanganga hiko o te whare.

Ka tāia e au tēnei tēpu, ka whakapiri atu ki roto i ia tatau panera.

Ka mutu te tautohe "kotahi te rahi e tau ana ki te katoa" i mua i tōna tīmatanga.

Ngā mahanga ngaohiko me te whirihoranga

Mō tētahi Pūnaha 277Y/480V, me whakatauria te SPD mō i te iti rawa 320 V Uc, ehara i te 275 V. Mā te whakamahi i te whakatauranga iti ka puta te Ka wera rawa ngā MOV (ngā momo whakarewa-waikura) ka pakaru i roto i ngā marama.
Ka aro nui hoki ahau ki ngā pūnaha delta waewae teitei e toru-wāhangaKōwhiria tonutia he SPD e e whakarārangi mārama ana i te "waewae teitei"i roto i tana pepa raraunga; ki te kore, ko te tērā pea ka nui rawa te ngaohiko o te varistor i te wāhanga pokapū, ka whakapoto rawa i tōna roanga ora.

He kōrero pono nō Parani

Hewhare rokiroki makariri e tata ana ki Lyonwheako te ngaronga o ngā pūwhakapūmau maha i ia puna.
I a te rōpū he Momo 2 SPD, engari ko te whāngai i tomo ki runga ake i te tuanui, ā, i pā ki te whare i mua i te mita matua.
I whakakapia e mātou ki tētahi Akomanga I + Akomanga II SPD whakakotahiā, i tāpirihia he pana momotu honohono kua whakapūmautia.
I muri i ēnei huringa, kua heke te wā kore mahi o ngā taputapu ki te kore, me te kiritakikua hainatia he kirimana anga mahi mō ngā tau e toru.

Puritia tō SPD kia tata ki te Papa Matua

I tāuta e au tētahi SPD i roto i tētahikāpata o te ara raronā te mea i kī te kaimahi hiko he "Kāore he wāhi i roto i te panera."
Te e 25 mita te roa o te taura, e hua ai tete ngaohiko tuku-ā-roto i te kawenga kia eke ki te 1,800 V—e rua ngā wā o te manawanui whakatauranga o te puku.
Inaianei, kei te pupuri tonu ahau i ngā arataki SPD poto ake i te kotahi mitaā, tāutahia te waeine ki runga i tete pereti-muri kotahi me te pakaru matua i ngā wā katoa e taea ai.
Mā tēnei ture māmā ka mau tete ngaohiko kume haumaru i raro i te 800 V.

He aha te roa o te mata e pai ake ai i te ohms

Ia waea mahi hei inductor.
Mō tētahi 8/20 µs te ngaru, 1 mita o te waea 12 AWG ka tāpirihia te tata ki te 1 µH, e whakaputa ana i te āhua 1 kV me te 1 kA/µs.
Ko te ripanga i raro nei e whakaatu ana i te pikinga ngaohiko i puta mai i te roanga atu o te waea:

Ia mita waea tāpirika whakakore i te painga o te SPD kounga teitei ake.
Ka whakamahara tonu ahau ki taku tīma: "Mena e hiahiatia ana he ara roa ake, nukuhia te panera kaua te SPD."

Te whakatikatika mara i Indiana

I tētahi whare hanga kirihou, i tāutahia te SPD ki runga i te mezzanine 30 putu te tawhitimai i te papa matua.
I tāpirihia e mātou he te papa tuarua e rua putu noa iho te tawhiti mai i te papa matuaā, i nekehia te SPD.
Nā reira, ko tei heke te ngaohiko tuku-ā-roto mai i te 1,500 V ki te 680 V, me te Kua mutu ngā whakaoho VFD.

Ārai i te Waea SPD Roa, Miro rānei

I kite ahau i tētahi whakaurunga i te wāhi i mahue atu ai te kaihikongā waea takai "mō ngā whakatikatika ā muri ake nei".

I rite te mahi a ēnei koiri ngā puna whakapūmau, te tāpiri 2 µH, i puta ai te kia piki te ngaohiko ngaru ki te 1,400 V.

Tapahia tonutia Ka arahi te SPD ki te roa poto rawae āhei tonu ana i te tatau o te panera ki te kati, ka omarārangi me te kūpapa taha-ki-tahahei whakakore i ngā āpure hikohiko.
Āraingā koiri, ngā piko koi, me ngā paihere here-whiriwhiri.

 Ngā ture waea e whai ana ahau

1. Wetekina te roa o te waea e hiahiatia ana anakemō te pūtu.

2.Kia rite te rārangi, te kūpapa, me te whenua; kaua rawa e takahuri.  

3. Whakahoutia ngā pū katoa kia rite ki ngā whakaritenga a te kaihanga;ka taea e ngā taura te wewete te pewa i te wā e pupuhi ana.

Whakamātautau takahuri i roto i te taiwhanga

I hanga e mātoue rua ngā whakatakotoranga whakamātautau: kotahi me Ngā waea takai 30 cm, me tētahi me ngā taura tika 20 cm.
I3 kA 8/20 µs, te te tatūnga kopikopiko ka tukuna mā roto i te 1,200 V, i te mea ko te ko te 680 V anake i whakaaetia e ngā taura tika.
Mā te whakaatu i tēnei whakaahua ki ngā tohunga hiko hou ka tere te whakatau i ngā tautohetohe,he mea tino whai hua atu i ngā kupu.

 Me whakarite kia tika te whenua o te SPD

He SPD kāore e tino whai hua te mea e piri ana ki te reera peita.
I tētahi wāhi i Mumbai, i ine ahau 4 Ōhmātetei waenganui i te SPD me te whenua, e tino heke te mahi.
Whakamahia tonutia he here parahi 6 AWG i whakatapuamai i te pae whenua SPD ki te pūmau whenua matua, me manatoko kei raro iho i te 0.1 Ω te parengame te miro-ohmmita.
Mā te whakapau i ētahi atu meneti e rima ki konei ka ārai i ngā waeatanga whakahoki utu nui.

Rārangi arowhai pūnaha hiko whenua

Ki te kore e taea te ine, tāutahia he tokotoko tāpiri, he mowhiti whenua rānei i mua i te katinga o te panera.
Mā te tuku i te pūrongo ki te kiritaki ka whakapakari ake i te whakapono ki te tāutanga.

 Akoranga take: Berlin

I paahitia e te whare raraunga te whakamātautau hypot engari i rahua i te whakamātautau ngaru.
I whakamauhia te taura whenua SPD ki runga i te peita pania paura.
I muri i te whakakapinga ki tētahi mīhini horoi whetu me te whakahou i te taipana, ka paahitia te whakamātautau ngaru, ā, i te ata i muri mai ka whakaaetia e te kaitātari te pūnaha.

Tirohia te Tūnga SPD i ia wā

He whakaaro morearea te "Whakatakotoria ka wareware".
I tētahi wāhi i Whitināmu, i rahua tētahi PLC nā te mea kua whero te SPD i ngā tau e rua ki muri, ā, kāore i tirohia.

Whakahaerehia he tirotiro tūnga LED ia hauwhā, ka tuhi i ngā pānui ki roto i tētahi pepa tiaki kapua.
Ki te kore te tohu e kakariki, whakakapia tonutia te waeine.

 Tohutohu aroturuki mamao

He maha ngā SPD e whakaatu ana i te whakapā kore-pūmanawa.
Honoa ki te papatohu SCADA kia whiwhi ai ngā kaiwhakahaere i tētahi īmēra whakamōhio i mua i te awha e whai ake nei.

 Te whakataurite utu: te whakawhiti kōwae me te rahunga taputapu

E mārama ana te tika o ngā tatauranga mō te whakatakoto tahua ā-tau mō ngā kōwae tāpiri.

Whakamutunga

I ngaro taku moni i ngā hapa katoa i runga ake nei tae noa ki taku tuhituhi i ēnei ture e rima ki runga i tētahi kāri, ā, i whakapiri atu ki roto i taku potae.

Tāia, whāia, ā, mā tō SPD e whai ake nei e tiaki te kawenga, ehara i te pūtāhui anake.